When you live with arthritis, supplements may seem like a good pain management strategy. But they are not always the answer to joint pain and swelling. While supplements may seem like a quick fix, they don’t deliver all the benefits they claim to. And some may even pose health risks.
If you or a loved one has arthritis, here’s what you need to know about which supplements to avoid, as well as proven methods for providing relief.
5 Supplements You Shouldn’t Take for Arthritis
1. Glucosamine
According to the Arthritis Foundation, glucosamine is one of the most popular supplements for treating joint pain. Glucosamine is a natural compound in the body that builds cartilage and helps reduce joint stiffness.
However, despite glucosamine’s popularity, studies show mixed results regarding its benefits. And recent evidence shows that combining glucosamine with exercise provides no significant relief for osteoarthritis of the knee over exercise alone.
There is another potential downside to this supplement. “Glucosamine supplements can interact with certain medications, especially blood thinners like warfarin,” says Melissa Mitri, MS, RD, a nutritionist in Connecticut and owner of Melissa Mitri Nutrition. “In addition, they can cause side effects such as diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain and even allergic reactions in some individuals.
2. Chondroitin
Chondroitin is a natural component of cartilage that has long been used to treat arthritis. However, the American College of Rheumatology cautions against using chondroitin to treat knee or hip arthritis, although it may be effective for arthritis.
The problem is that it is not safe for everyone. “Studies have shown inconsistent results, and chondroitin can worsen asthma symptoms, affect blood sugar levels, and interfere with blood clotting,” says Angel Luk, RD, registered dietitian and co-founder of Food Mysteries. “The lack of solid scientific support and potential risks make it a less favorable option for arthritis patients.”
3. Red yeast rice
Red yeast rice is known for its potential anti-inflammatory benefits. However, rheumatologists question its safety. “Consumption of red yeast rice can lead to side effects such as muscle pain and weakness,” says Zeba Faroqui, MD, a rheumatologist based in Levittown, New York. “In some cases, it has been linked to more serious problems such as liver damage and rhabdomyolysis, a condition that causes severe muscle pain.” In addition, it can interact with drugs used for anti-inflammatory arthritis, such as methotrexate and azathioprine, she says.
4. Chaparral
Chaparral, derived from creosote, has been used in traditional medicine for a variety of health problems, from skin rashes to cancer. However, taking chaparral may put your liver health at risk. “Chaparral has been linked to liver damage, with over two dozen reported cases of liver damage,” says Mitri. “The risk of serious liver complications outweighs the potential benefits, making it a risky choice for treating arthritis.”
5. Arnica
Arnica is a traditional pain reliever herb that is available in topical forms such as creams and gels. While some research supports its topical use, oral consumption can be harmful. “Ral arnica can lead to nausea, dizziness and more serious complications such as palpitations,” says Mitri. “Its benefits are limited and the risks associated with ingestion make it unsuitable for treating arthritis.”
Tips for managing arthritis
If you are trying to manage the pain associated with arthritis, there are some supplements that may be helpful. However, many can be harmful.
A safer, more effective strategy is a comprehensive lifestyle approach. It starts with exercise, physical therapy and medication if prescribed. Certain foods can also help. For example, leafy greens, berries, walnuts, and fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines are among the best foods for joint health.
Also consider keeping a food and symptom diary. ““Monitoring your food intake and symptoms can help you identify foods that may trigger arthritis flare-ups and help you adopt a healthier diet,” says Mitri.
The Bottom Line
Managing arthritis symptoms can be complicated, especially when some supplements offer more risk than relief. Products such as glucosamine, chondroitin, red yeast rice, chaparral and arnica can cause adverse effects and often lack solid scientific support. Instead of relying on supplements, focus on a healthy diet rich in anti-inflammatory plant foods and omega-3 rich fish. And don’t forget exercise. It’s a great way to keep those joints strong, flexible and pain free!
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